3.1
Learning Target: Plants are adapted to living on land.
The basics:
Plants are multicellular organisms.
A plant cell has a nucleus and is surrounded by a cell wall.
Plants are producers. They capture energy from the sun.
Plant life cycles are divided into two stages, or generations.
There are about 320 thousand species of plants, which provide most of the world's oxygen. They are the basis of most ecosystems. Plants produce:
grain
fruit
vegetables
They are used as
ornaments
building materials
writing material
medicines
The scientific study of plants is known as botany.
The most abundant type of plant on earth is grasses.
Find 10 interesting facts about plants
Draw and label the tree and parts on your notes.
The stem serves as the pathway for transporting water, nutrients, and energy-rich compounds from one part of a plant to another. In most plants the materials move through a vascular system that is made up of long, tube-like cells.
Transport is carried out by two types of tissues. Xylem is a tissue that carries water and dissolved nutrients up from the roots. Phloem is a tissue that transports energy-rich materials down from the leaves. The xylem cells are a little larger than the phloem cells.
The stem serves as the pathway for transporting water, nutrients, and energy-rich compounds from one part of a plant to another. In most plants the materials move through a vascular system that is made up of long, tube-like cells.
Transport is carried out by two types of tissues. Xylem is a tissue that carries water and dissolved nutrients up from the roots. Phloem is a tissue that transports energy-rich materials down from the leaves. The xylem cells are a little larger than the phloem cells.
For photosynthesis to occur, a plant must maintain the balance of carbon dioxide and water in its body. Carbon dioxide gas from the air surrounding a plant enters through stomata in its leaves. Open stomata allow carbon dioxide and oxygen to move into and out of the leaf. These openings also allow water to evaporate. The movement of water vapor out of a plant and into the air is called transpiration. Both sunlight and wind cause water in leaves to evaporate and transpire.